Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
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Query Trace: Sabogal RI[original query] |
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Improving State and Local Capacity to Assess and Manage Risks Associated With Private Wells and Other Drinking Water Systems Not Covered by the Safe Drinking Water Act
Sabogal RI , Hubbard B . J Environ Health 2015 78 (5) 40-2 Eleven percent of U.S. households (~35 million people) use private drinking water systems that are not covered by the Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)i. These drinking water systems are primarily private wells but can also include springs, cisterns, and hauled water systems. There is limited federal guidance and no established uniform standards or approach for monitoring the water quality from these water systems. Where state testing requirements do exist, testing is usually infrequent (e.g., wells must be tested as part of a real estate transaction, new construction, or equipment change). Most private well programs are voluntary and require strong outreach activities to encourage well owners to monitor the safety of their drinking water and accept water program services offered by the local health department. | | To address the need of state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) health departments, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a funding opportunity announcement in 2013 that built on previous CDC safe drinking water efforts to address drinking water contamination. The 2013–2015 funding initiative supported 11 grantees (9 state and 2 county health departments) to improve state and local capacity to assess and manage risks associated with drinking water systems not covered by the SDWA. |
Sustainability of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions in Central America
Sabogal RI , Medlin E , Aquino G , Gelting RJ . J Water Sanit Hyg Dev 2014 4 (1) 89-99 The American Red Cross and U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated on a sustainability evaluation of post-hurricane water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions in Central America. In 2006 and 2009, we revisited six study areas in rural El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua to assess sustainability of WASH interventions finalized in 2002, after 1998's Hurricane Mitch. We used surveys to collect data, calculate indicators and identify factors that influence sustainability. Regional sustainability indicator results showed there was a statistically significant decline in access to water. The presence of sanitation facilities had not changed since the beginning of the project; however, maintenance and use of latrines declined but continued to meet the goal of 75% use after 7 years. The hygiene indicator, hand washing, initially declined and then increased. Declines in water access were due to operational problems related to storm events and population changes. Sanitation facilities were still present and sometimes used even though they reached or surpassed their original design life. Changes in hygiene practices appeared related to ongoing hygiene promotion from outside organizations. These results provide useful input for making WASH programs more sustainable and informing future, more in-depth research into factors influencing sustainability. |
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